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First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia
The First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia (or Longstreet's corps) was a military unit fighting for the Confederate States of America in the American Civil War. It was formed in early 1861 and served until the spring of 1865, mostly in the Eastern Theater. The corps was commanded by James Longstreet for much of its existence.
In part or as a whole, the corps fought in nearly all of the major battles in the Eastern Theater, such as Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, The Wilderness, Cold Harbor, and the Siege of Petersburg. The corps also fought in Tennessee and performed important forage service in Suffolk, Virginia. It was disbanded shortly following Gen. Robert E. Lee's surrender to Union forces April 9, 1865.
==Origins==
On June 1, 1862, Robert E. Lee took command of the Army of the Potomac following Johnston's wounding during Battle of Seven Pines, and shortly afterwards this army would be known as the Army of Northern Virginia.〔Eicher, p. 344.〕 Lee re-organized the army as two "wings" (corps were not legally allowed by the Confederate Congress until September 18),〔Eicher, p. 25.〕 with Longstreet in charge of the Right Wing and Lt. Gen.Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson in charge of the Left Wing. With the authorization of corps later that year, the Right Wing was redesignated as the First Corps. At this time, Longstreet's corps contained twenty-one brigades organized into five divisions under major generals Lafayette McLaws, Richard H. Anderson, George E. Pickett, and John B. Hood, and Brigadier General Robert Ranson, Jr.〔Wert, p. 204–205, 208–210.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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